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- BUSINESS, Page 61The Glow of a $12 Million Desk
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- Early American furniture is fetching precious prices
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- By MARTHA SMILGIS
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- MADE IN U.S.A. may not have the cachet it once had, but in
- the realm of antiques, the phrase is coming to mean
- extraordinary value for well-fixed investors. When two tiny,
- exquisite 18th century Philadelphia tables were auctioned at
- Christie's in Manhattan last Saturday, the prices they fetched
- were breathtaking. The first item, a dainty piecrust tea table,
- sold for $1.2 million; the second, a rectangular pier table less
- than 3 ft. high, was whisked from the block for $4.6 million.
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- Outrageous? No, right in line with last June's auction of
- the most expensive piece of furniture ever sold: a $12.1 million
- desk. The mahogany masterpiece was no curlicued Versailles
- settee or crested English bureau. It was a stately secretary of
- distinctly American block-and-shell design, crafted in 1760 by
- the Goddard-Townsend cabinetmakers of Newport, R.I. "For years,
- Europeans have given us an inferiority complex," says furniture
- dealer Harold Sack, 78, who bought the desk for an anonymous
- client, believed to be Texas billionaire Robert Bass. "To
- finally see American furniture taken as an important art form
- is enormously gratifying."
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- During the past decade, American furniture has caught up
- fast with its Old World counterparts. Just four years ago, the
- first Philadelphia piecrust tea table broke the $1 million mark.
- A year later, a paw-foot Philadelphia chair sold for more than
- $2.7 million. "American furniture is going straight up," says
- Dean Failey, senior vice president of Christie's. "The rise is
- correlated with the art market. When collectors pay $30 million
- to $40 million for a painting, a domino effect touches
- everything else."
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- The giddy escalation in prices is due in part to scarcity,
- since pre-Revolutionary furniture is as sparse as its spare
- Yankee lines. The rarest pieces were handcrafted in the port
- cities of Philadelphia, Newport, Boston, Salem, Mass., and
- Portsmouth, Va., where rich patrons financed local artisans.
- These wealthy merchants, hoping to create heirlooms for their
- families, combed the Caribbean for the finest, oldest mahogany
- trees. The wood they found was dense and close-grained, unlike
- the spongy grain of the younger, forced-growth trees that are
- planted today. "All the great wood was used up in the 18th
- century," maintains Matthew Weigman of Sotheby's. The furniture
- crafted from the grand mahoganies is said to glow and "smile"
- at the beholder. "Viewing the desk is a religious experience,"
- says Sack. "The grain ignites; there's inner fire in the wood."
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- Israel Sack, father of three sons in the business today,
- started his dealership in 1905. He found authentic pieces for
- the Fords and Du Ponts, who became major collectors in the
- 1920s. In time, their priceless collections were turned over to
- museums, where exquisite examples of Early American furniture
- -- including the nine other Goddard-Townsend desks known to be
- in existence -- now reside.
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- The principal buyers of colonial furniture are American
- businessmen. But dealer Donald Sack, grandson of the firm's
- founder, believes that "if any more pieces break the $1 million
- mark, the Japanese may well get interested." As prices have
- risen, the buyers' profile has changed. "Doctors used to be our
- customers, but they can't afford the furniture anymore," says
- Harold. "Now our customers are educated Americans who don't
- survive on an income; rather, they have large sums of capital
- from the sale of a company or real estate." The most celebrated
- collector is Bill Cosby, who includes reproductions of Early
- American furniture on the set of his television show.
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- Less wealthy furniture buyers have developed a fancy for
- Early American pieces as well, which has spurred a market for
- machine-made reproductions. Since the sale of the Newport desk,
- Kindel Furniture of Grand Rapids has booked orders for 110
- replicas at $19,000 each. Buyers who prefer the real thing can
- choose pieces from a second tier of expertly designed antiques
- selling for $50,000 to $200,000.
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- Collecting does have its hazards. Newcomers can be burned
- by disreputable dealers circulating fakes. Often a piece that
- is selling at a slight discount is actually a restoration or,
- worse, a conversion doctored up with carving or different feet
- to pass for a more desirable design.
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- The Sacks boast that just about all the pieces they have
- sold have later appreciated handsomely in value. "Over the
- years, we've built collections for families with other sources
- of income who lose it, and the furniture becomes their savior,"
- says Harold Sack. But, he adds, "American furniture is not a
- speculative market. It is a long-term equity investment. People
- who plan to turn it over in ten years might well be
- disappointed." While prices could falter if the U.S. economy
- runs out of steam, most investors are bullish on Early American
- masterpieces. "When you get a few billionaires competing," says
- Harold Sack, "$12 million will seem like a bargain."
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